
The Space Climate Symposia Series, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, convened leading experts in space climate research. A key objective of the Symposium was to enhance our understanding of the root causes and consequences of long-term fluctuations in solar activity. This included a focus on the solar magnetic dynamo and the subsequent influence of solar activity variations on Earth’s long-term climate.
Lorenza Lucaferri and her colleagues from the University of Rome Tor Vergata, the University of Trento, and the University of Exeter investigated the impact of Solar Minima on Global and Regional Climate Patterns. Their research examined the climate’s sensitivity to variations in Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) during the Maunder Minimum.
Francesco Berrilli presented a reconstruction of TSI variations from 971 to 2020 CE. Utilizing Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) to filter out the 11-year and 22-year solar cycles from reconstructed open solar magnetic field data, the long-term TSI trend was estimated. The results indicated a substantial decrease in TSI during the Spörer Minimum, with a departure of approximately 2.3 W/m² from modern values. A slightly smaller decline of 2.2 W/m² was observed during the Maunder Minimum.

Symposium of Space Climate 9 (Nagoya, Japan)
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